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Each person creates a <strong>tessera</strong> — a self-contained time capsule of memories (photos, audio, video, text) that survives independently of any software, company, or infrastructure.</p> -<h2 id="what-is-a-tessera"><a class="header" href="#what-is-a-tessera">What is a tessera?</a></h2> -<p>The word <em>tessera</em> comes from the small tiles used to make mosaics in the ancient world. In Tesseras, each tessera is a collection of memories packaged into a format designed to be understood even thousands of years from now, without any special software.</p> -<p>A tessera contains:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>Memories</strong> — photos (JPEG), audio recordings (WAV), video (WebM), and text (plain UTF-8)</li> -<li><strong>Metadata</strong> — when and where each memory was created, who it involves, and what it means</li> -<li><strong>Identity</strong> — cryptographic signatures proving who created it</li> -<li><strong>Decoding instructions</strong> — plain-text explanations of every format used, so future humans can read the contents</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="core-philosophy"><a class="header" href="#core-philosophy">Core philosophy</a></h2> -<ul> -<li><strong>No company dependency</strong> — your memories are yours, stored locally and replicated across a peer-to-peer network</li> -<li><strong>No format lock-in</strong> — every tessera includes instructions for decoding its contents</li> -<li><strong>Availability over secrecy</strong> — public memories are not encrypted, because long-term accessibility matters more than hiding things</li> -<li><strong>Minimal encryption</strong> — only private and sealed content is encrypted; everything else is open</li> -<li><strong>Quantum-resistant</strong> — dual signatures (Ed25519 + ML-DSA) protect integrity even against future quantum computers</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="current-status-phase-4"><a class="header" href="#current-status-phase-4">Current status: Phase 4</a></h2> -<p>Tesseras has completed through <strong>Phase 4</strong> — encryption and sealed tesseras. The project now covers local tessera management, networking, replication, a mobile app, and cryptographic privacy.</p> -<p>What’s available today:</p> -<ul> -<li>Identity generation (Ed25519 keypair with proof-of-work)</li> -<li>Tessera creation from local files</li> -<li>Content-addressed storage (BLAKE3 hashing)</li> -<li>Integrity verification and self-contained export</li> -<li>Full node daemon with QUIC transport</li> -<li>Peer discovery via Kademlia DHT</li> -<li>Tessera pointer publishing and lookup across the network</li> -<li>Reed-Solomon erasure coding with automatic fragment repair</li> -<li>Flutter mobile app with embedded Rust P2P node</li> -<li><strong>Private tesseras</strong> — encrypted content only the owner can access</li> -<li><strong>Sealed tesseras</strong> — time-locked content that opens after a specific date</li> -<li><strong>Hybrid post-quantum encryption</strong> — X25519 + ML-KEM-768 key encapsulation</li> -<li><strong>AES-256-GCM</strong> content encryption with AAD binding</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="key-concepts"><a class="header" href="#key-concepts">Key concepts</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Concept</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><strong>Tessera</strong></td><td>A self-contained time capsule of memories</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Memory</strong></td><td>A single item (photo, recording, video, or text) within a tessera</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Content hash</strong></td><td>A BLAKE3 hash that uniquely identifies a tessera by its contents</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Visibility</strong></td><td>Controls who can access a tessera: public, private, sealed, or circle</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Sealed tessera</strong></td><td>A time capsule that can only be opened after a specific date</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>MANIFEST</strong></td><td>A plain-text index listing every file in the tessera with its checksum</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Memory type</strong></td><td>Categorizes a memory: moment, reflection, daily, relation, or object</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Node</strong></td><td>A device running the Tesseras daemon, participating in the P2P network</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>DHT</strong></td><td>Distributed hash table — how nodes find tessera pointers without a central server</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Bootstrap</strong></td><td>The process of joining the network by contacting known seed nodes</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="installation"><a class="header" href="#installation">Installation</a></h1> -<p>Tesseras is currently available by building from source.</p> -<h2 id="prerequisites"><a class="header" href="#prerequisites">Prerequisites</a></h2> -<h3 id="rust"><a class="header" href="#rust">Rust</a></h3> -<p>Tesseras requires <strong>Rust 1.85 or higher</strong>. The recommended way to install Rust is via <a href="https://rustup.rs/">rustup</a>:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">curl --proto '=https' --tlsv1.2 -sSf https://sh.rustup.rs | sh -</code></pre> -<p>After installation, make sure <code>~/.cargo/bin</code> is in your <code>PATH</code>. The installer usually adds it automatically. Verify with:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">rustc --version -cargo --version -</code></pre> -<p>If you already have Rust installed, update to the latest version:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">rustup update stable -</code></pre> -<h3 id="sqlite"><a class="header" href="#sqlite">SQLite</a></h3> -<p>Tesseras uses SQLite for local storage. You have two options:</p> -<p><strong>Option 1: System SQLite (recommended)</strong></p> -<p>Install SQLite development libraries via your system package manager:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Distribution</th><th>Command</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td>Arch Linux</td><td><code>sudo pacman -S sqlite</code></td></tr> -<tr><td>Debian / Ubuntu</td><td><code>sudo apt install libsqlite3-dev</code></td></tr> -<tr><td>Fedora</td><td><code>sudo dnf install sqlite-devel</code></td></tr> -<tr><td>Alpine</td><td><code>apk add sqlite-dev</code></td></tr> -<tr><td>macOS (Homebrew)</td><td><code>brew install sqlite</code></td></tr> -<tr><td>FreeBSD</td><td><code>pkg install sqlite3</code></td></tr> -<tr><td>OpenBSD</td><td>Included in the base system</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p><strong>Option 2: Bundled SQLite</strong></p> -<p>If you prefer not to install SQLite on your system, use the <code>bundled-sqlite</code> feature flag during compilation. This compiles SQLite alongside Tesseras:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">cargo install --path crates/tesseras-cli --features bundled-sqlite -cargo install --path crates/tesseras-daemon --features bundled-sqlite -</code></pre> -<h3 id="optional-tools"><a class="header" href="#optional-tools">Optional tools</a></h3> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Tool</th><th>Purpose</th><th>Installation</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><a href="https://github.com/casey/just">just</a></td><td>Run project build commands</td><td><code>cargo install just</code></td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="https://rust-lang.github.io/mdBook/">mdBook</a></td><td>Build the documentation</td><td><code>cargo install mdbook</code></td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="https://docs.docker.com/get-docker/">Docker</a></td><td>Run nodes in containers</td><td>See <a href="#docker">Docker</a></td></tr> -<tr><td><a href="https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install">Flutter</a></td><td>Build the mobile/desktop app</td><td>See <a href="#flutter-app">Flutter App</a></td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="build-from-source"><a class="header" href="#build-from-source">Build from source</a></h2> -<p>Clone the repository and install the binaries:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">git clone https://git.sr.ht/~ijanc/tesseras -cd tesseras -cargo install --path crates/tesseras-cli -cargo install --path crates/tesseras-daemon -</code></pre> -<p>Or, if you have <code>just</code> installed:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">just install -</code></pre> -<p>This installs two binaries to <code>~/.cargo/bin/</code> and configures shell auto-completions:</p> -<ul> -<li><code>tes</code> — CLI tool for creating, verifying, and exporting tesseras</li> -<li><code>tesseras-daemon</code> — full node daemon that participates in the P2P network</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="verify-installation"><a class="header" href="#verify-installation">Verify installation</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes --help -</code></pre> -<p>You should see:</p> -<pre><code>Create and preserve human memories - -Usage: tes [OPTIONS] <COMMAND> - -Commands: - init Initialize identity and local database - create Create a tessera from a directory of files - verify Verify integrity of a stored tessera - export Export tessera to a self-contained directory - list List local tesseras - help Print this message or the help of the given subcommand(s) - -Options: - --data-dir <DATA_DIR> Base directory for data storage [default: ~/.tesseras] - -h, --help Print help -</code></pre> -<h2 id="shell-completions"><a class="header" href="#shell-completions">Shell completions</a></h2> -<p>The <code>just install</code> command configures completions automatically. If you installed manually, generate completions for your shell:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash"># Fish -tes completions fish > ~/.config/fish/completions/tes.fish - -# Zsh -tes completions zsh > "${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}/zsh/site-functions/_tes" - -# Bash -tes completions bash > "${XDG_DATA_HOME:-$HOME/.local/share}/bash-completion/completions/tes" -</code></pre> -<h2 id="flutter-app"><a class="header" href="#flutter-app">Flutter App</a></h2> -<p>To build the mobile or desktop app, you need additional dependencies:</p> -<h3 id="flutter-prerequisites"><a class="header" href="#flutter-prerequisites">Flutter prerequisites</a></h3> -<ol> -<li><strong>Flutter SDK</strong> — install following the <a href="https://flutter.dev/docs/get-started/install">official guide</a></li> -<li><strong>Rust</strong> — already installed as above</li> -<li><strong>Platform dependencies:</strong></li> -</ol> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Platform</th><th>Dependencies</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td>Android</td><td>Android SDK, Android NDK, Java 17+</td></tr> -<tr><td>iOS</td><td>Xcode, CocoaPods</td></tr> -<tr><td>Linux desktop</td><td>GTK 3.0+, pkg-config (<code>sudo apt install libgtk-3-dev pkg-config</code> on Debian/Ubuntu)</td></tr> -<tr><td>macOS desktop</td><td>Xcode Command Line Tools</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h3 id="build-the-app"><a class="header" href="#build-the-app">Build the app</a></h3> -<pre><code class="language-bash">cd apps/flutter -flutter pub get - -# Linux desktop -flutter build linux --debug - -# Android -flutter build apk --debug - -# iOS -flutter build ios --debug - -# Tests -flutter test -</code></pre> -<p>Or using <code>just</code> from the repository root:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">just build-linux # Linux desktop -just build-android # Android APK -just test-flutter # Tests -</code></pre> -<h2 id="network-ports"><a class="header" href="#network-ports">Network ports</a></h2> -<p>The Tesseras daemon uses QUIC (protocol over UDP). If you are behind a firewall, allow traffic on the port:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Protocol</th><th>Port</th><th>Direction</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td>UDP</td><td>4433</td><td>Inbound and outbound</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="next-steps"><a class="header" href="#next-steps">Next steps</a></h2> -<ul> -<li><a href="#quick-start">Quick Start</a> — create your first tessera</li> -<li><a href="#running-a-node">Running a Node</a> — configure and run the daemon</li> -<li><a href="#configuration">Configuration</a> — configuration options</li> -<li><a href="#docker">Docker</a> — run in containers</li> -</ul> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="quick-start"><a class="header" href="#quick-start">Quick Start</a></h1> -<p>This tutorial walks you through a complete workflow: creating an identity, building a tessera from files, verifying it, and exporting it.</p> -<h2 id="1-initialize-your-identity"><a class="header" href="#1-initialize-your-identity">1. Initialize your identity</a></h2> -<p>First, set up your local identity and database:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes init -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Generated Ed25519 identity -Database initialized -Config written to /home/user/.tesseras/config.toml -Tesseras initialized at /home/user/.tesseras -</code></pre> -<p>This creates:</p> -<ul> -<li><code>~/.tesseras/identity/</code> — your Ed25519 keypair</li> -<li><code>~/.tesseras/db/</code> — SQLite database for indexing</li> -<li><code>~/.tesseras/blobs/</code> — storage for memory files</li> -<li><code>~/.tesseras/config.toml</code> — configuration file</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="2-prepare-your-files"><a class="header" href="#2-prepare-your-files">2. Prepare your files</a></h2> -<p>Create a directory with the memories you want to preserve:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">mkdir my-memories -cp ~/photos/family-dinner.jpg my-memories/ -cp ~/photos/garden.jpg my-memories/ -echo "A warm Sunday afternoon with the family." > my-memories/reflection.txt -</code></pre> -<p>Supported formats: <code>.jpg</code>, <code>.jpeg</code>, <code>.png</code> (images), <code>.wav</code> (audio), <code>.webm</code> (video), <code>.txt</code> (text).</p> -<h2 id="3-preview-with-dry-run"><a class="header" href="#3-preview-with-dry-run">3. Preview with dry run</a></h2> -<p>See what would be included without creating anything:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes create my-memories --dry-run -</code></pre> -<h2 id="4-create-a-tessera"><a class="header" href="#4-create-a-tessera">4. Create a tessera</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes create my-memories --tags "family,sunday" --location "Home" -</code></pre> -<p>The output includes the content hash — a 64-character hex string that uniquely identifies your tessera. Copy it for the next steps.</p> -<h2 id="5-list-your-tesseras"><a class="header" href="#5-list-your-tesseras">5. List your tesseras</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes list -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Hash Created Memories Size Visibility -9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0c 2026-02-14 3 284 KB public -</code></pre> -<h2 id="6-verify-integrity"><a class="header" href="#6-verify-integrity">6. Verify integrity</a></h2> -<p>Use the content hash to verify that all files are intact and the signature is valid:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes verify 9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0c... -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Tessera: 9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0c... -Signature: VALID - [OK] memories/a1b2c3/media.jpg - [OK] memories/d4e5f6/media.jpg - [OK] memories/g7h8i9/media.txt -Verification: PASSED -</code></pre> -<h2 id="7-export-a-self-contained-copy"><a class="header" href="#7-export-a-self-contained-copy">7. Export a self-contained copy</a></h2> -<p>Export the tessera to a directory that can be read without Tesseras:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes export 9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0c... ./backup -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Exported to ./backup/tessera-9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0c... -</code></pre> -<h2 id="8-inspect-the-export"><a class="header" href="#8-inspect-the-export">8. Inspect the export</a></h2> -<p>The exported directory is fully self-contained:</p> -<pre><code>tessera-9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0c.../ -├── MANIFEST # Plain text index with checksums -├── README.decode # How to read this tessera without software -├── identity/ -│ ├── creator.pub.ed25519 # Your public key -│ └── signature.ed25519.sig # Signature of the MANIFEST -├── memories/ -│ ├── <hash>/ -│ │ ├── media.jpg # The photo -│ │ ├── context.txt # Description in plain text -│ │ └── meta.json # Structured metadata -│ └── .../ -└── decode/ - ├── formats.txt # Explanation of all formats used - ├── jpeg.txt # How to decode JPEG - └── json.txt # How to decode JSON -</code></pre> -<p>Everything a future reader needs to understand the contents is included in the directory itself — no Tesseras software required.</p> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="tes-init"><a class="header" href="#tes-init">tes init</a></h1> -<p>Initialize identity and local database.</p> -<h2 id="usage"><a class="header" href="#usage">Usage</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes init -</code></pre> -<h2 id="description"><a class="header" href="#description">Description</a></h2> -<p>Sets up your local Tesseras environment. This is the first command you should run after installing Tesseras.</p> -<p>The command creates:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Path</th><th>Contents</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>~/.tesseras/identity/</code></td><td>Ed25519 keypair for signing tesseras</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>~/.tesseras/db/</code></td><td>SQLite database for indexing</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>~/.tesseras/blobs/</code></td><td>Blob storage for memory files</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>~/.tesseras/config.toml</code></td><td>Configuration file</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="options"><a class="header" href="#options">Options</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Option</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>--data-dir <PATH></code></td><td>Base directory for data storage (default: <code>~/.tesseras</code>)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="idempotent"><a class="header" href="#idempotent">Idempotent</a></h2> -<p>Running <code>init</code> again is safe. If an identity already exists, it is preserved:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes init -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Ed25519 identity already exists -Database initialized -Tesseras initialized at /home/user/.tesseras -</code></pre> -<h2 id="custom-data-directory"><a class="header" href="#custom-data-directory">Custom data directory</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes --data-dir /mnt/usb/tesseras init -</code></pre> -<p>This creates the full directory structure under <code>/mnt/usb/tesseras/</code> instead of the default location.</p> -<h2 id="what-happens-under-the-hood"><a class="header" href="#what-happens-under-the-hood">What happens under the hood</a></h2> -<ol> -<li>Creates the directory structure (<code>identity/</code>, <code>db/</code>, <code>blobs/</code>)</li> -<li>Generates an Ed25519 keypair (private key stays local, public key identifies you)</li> -<li>Runs SQLite migrations to set up the database schema</li> -<li>Writes a default <code>config.toml</code></li> -</ol> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="tes-create"><a class="header" href="#tes-create">tes create</a></h1> -<p>Create a tessera from a directory of files.</p> -<h2 id="usage-1"><a class="header" href="#usage-1">Usage</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes create <PATH> [OPTIONS] -</code></pre> -<h2 id="arguments"><a class="header" href="#arguments">Arguments</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Argument</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code><PATH></code></td><td>Directory containing files to include</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="options-1"><a class="header" href="#options-1">Options</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Option</th><th>Description</th><th>Default</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>-n, --non-interactive</code></td><td>Skip prompts</td><td>off</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>--dry-run</code></td><td>Preview what would be included</td><td>off</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>--visibility <VALUE></code></td><td>Visibility level: <code>public</code>, <code>private</code>, <code>circle</code></td><td><code>public</code></td></tr> -<tr><td><code>--language <CODE></code></td><td>Language code (e.g., <code>en</code>, <code>pt-BR</code>)</td><td><code>en</code></td></tr> -<tr><td><code>--tags <LIST></code></td><td>Comma-separated tags</td><td>none</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>--location <DESC></code></td><td>Location description</td><td>none</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>--data-dir <PATH></code></td><td>Base directory for data storage</td><td><code>~/.tesseras</code></td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="supported-file-formats"><a class="header" href="#supported-file-formats">Supported file formats</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Extension</th><th>Type</th><th>Memory type</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>.jpg</code>, <code>.jpeg</code></td><td>Image (JPEG)</td><td>Moment</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>.png</code></td><td>Image (PNG)</td><td>Moment</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>.wav</code></td><td>Audio (WAV PCM)</td><td>Moment</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>.webm</code></td><td>Video (WebM)</td><td>Moment</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>.txt</code></td><td>Plain text (UTF-8)</td><td>Reflection</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>Files with other extensions are ignored.</p> -<h2 id="memory-type-inference"><a class="header" href="#memory-type-inference">Memory type inference</a></h2> -<p>The command automatically assigns a memory type based on the file format:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>Text files</strong> (<code>.txt</code>) are classified as <strong>Reflection</strong> — thoughts, beliefs, or opinions</li> -<li><strong>All other formats</strong> are classified as <strong>Moment</strong> — a photo, recording, or video of something happening</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="examples"><a class="header" href="#examples">Examples</a></h2> -<h3 id="preview-before-creating"><a class="header" href="#preview-before-creating">Preview before creating</a></h3> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes create ./my-photos --dry-run -</code></pre> -<h3 id="create-with-metadata"><a class="header" href="#create-with-metadata">Create with metadata</a></h3> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes create ./vacation-2026 \ - --tags "vacation,summer,beach" \ - --location "Florianópolis, Brazil" \ - --language pt-BR \ - --visibility public -</code></pre> -<h3 id="non-interactive-mode"><a class="header" href="#non-interactive-mode">Non-interactive mode</a></h3> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes create ./daily-log --non-interactive --tags "daily" -</code></pre> -<h2 id="visibility-levels"><a class="header" href="#visibility-levels">Visibility levels</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Level</th><th>Who can access</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>public</code></td><td>Anyone (default)</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>private</code></td><td>Only you (and designated heirs)</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>circle</code></td><td>Explicitly chosen people</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="what-happens-under-the-hood-1"><a class="header" href="#what-happens-under-the-hood-1">What happens under the hood</a></h2> -<ol> -<li>Scans the directory for supported files</li> -<li>Computes a BLAKE3 hash for each file</li> -<li>Assigns a memory type based on file extension</li> -<li>Generates a MANIFEST listing all files with their checksums</li> -<li>Signs the MANIFEST with your Ed25519 private key</li> -<li>Stores the files and metadata in the local database</li> -<li>Outputs the content hash that uniquely identifies this tessera</li> -</ol> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="tes-verify"><a class="header" href="#tes-verify">tes verify</a></h1> -<p>Verify integrity of a stored tessera.</p> -<h2 id="usage-2"><a class="header" href="#usage-2">Usage</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes verify <HASH> -</code></pre> -<h2 id="arguments-1"><a class="header" href="#arguments-1">Arguments</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Argument</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code><HASH></code></td><td>Tessera content hash (64 hex characters)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="options-2"><a class="header" href="#options-2">Options</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Option</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>--data-dir <PATH></code></td><td>Base directory for data storage (default: <code>~/.tesseras</code>)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="what-it-checks"><a class="header" href="#what-it-checks">What it checks</a></h2> -<ol> -<li><strong>Signature validity</strong> — verifies the Ed25519 signature over the MANIFEST</li> -<li><strong>File integrity</strong> — recomputes the BLAKE3 hash of every file and compares it against the MANIFEST</li> -</ol> -<h2 id="exit-codes"><a class="header" href="#exit-codes">Exit codes</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Code</th><th>Meaning</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>0</code></td><td>Verification passed — all files intact, signature valid</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>1</code></td><td>Verification failed — corrupted files or invalid signature</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="examples-1"><a class="header" href="#examples-1">Examples</a></h2> -<h3 id="successful-verification"><a class="header" href="#successful-verification">Successful verification</a></h3> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes verify 9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0cabc123def456789012345678abcdef0123456789abcdef01 -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Tessera: 9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0cabc123def456789012345678abcdef0123456789abcdef01 -Signature: VALID - [OK] memories/a1b2c3d4/media.jpg - [OK] memories/e5f6a7b8/media.txt - [OK] memories/c9d0e1f2/media.wav -Verification: PASSED -</code></pre> -<h3 id="failed-verification"><a class="header" href="#failed-verification">Failed verification</a></h3> -<p>If a file has been modified or corrupted:</p> -<pre><code>Tessera: 9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0cabc123def456789012345678abcdef0123456789abcdef01 -Signature: VALID - [OK] memories/a1b2c3d4/media.jpg - [FAILED] memories/e5f6a7b8/media.txt - [OK] memories/c9d0e1f2/media.wav -Verification: FAILED -</code></pre> -<h2 id="use-cases"><a class="header" href="#use-cases">Use cases</a></h2> -<ul> -<li><strong>Routine integrity checks</strong> — periodically verify that your stored tesseras haven’t been corrupted</li> -<li><strong>After transfer</strong> — verify after copying tesseras to a new device or storage medium</li> -<li><strong>Trust verification</strong> — confirm that a tessera received from someone else hasn’t been tampered with</li> -</ul> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="tes-export"><a class="header" href="#tes-export">tes export</a></h1> -<p>Export a tessera as a self-contained directory.</p> -<h2 id="usage-3"><a class="header" href="#usage-3">Usage</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes export <HASH> <DEST> -</code></pre> -<h2 id="arguments-2"><a class="header" href="#arguments-2">Arguments</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Argument</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code><HASH></code></td><td>Tessera content hash (64 hex characters)</td></tr> -<tr><td><code><DEST></code></td><td>Destination directory</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="options-3"><a class="header" href="#options-3">Options</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Option</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>--data-dir <PATH></code></td><td>Base directory for data storage (default: <code>~/.tesseras</code>)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="output-structure"><a class="header" href="#output-structure">Output structure</a></h2> -<p>The export creates a directory named <code>tessera-<hash></code> inside the destination:</p> -<pre><code>tessera-9f2c4a1b.../ -├── MANIFEST # Plain text index with checksums -├── README.decode # Human-readable decoding instructions -├── identity/ -│ ├── creator.pub.ed25519 # Creator's public key -│ └── signature.ed25519.sig # Signature of the MANIFEST -├── memories/ -│ ├── <content-hash>/ -│ │ ├── media.jpg # Primary media file -│ │ ├── context.txt # Human context in plain UTF-8 -│ │ └── meta.json # Structured metadata -│ └── .../ -├── schema/ -│ └── v1.json # JSON schema for metadata validation -└── decode/ - ├── formats.txt # Explanation of all formats used - ├── jpeg.txt # How to decode JPEG - ├── wav.txt # How to decode WAV - └── json.txt # How to decode JSON -</code></pre> -<h2 id="example"><a class="header" href="#example">Example</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes export 9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0cabc123def4567890... ./backup -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Exported to ./backup/tessera-9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0cabc123def4567890... -</code></pre> -<h2 id="key-feature-self-contained"><a class="header" href="#key-feature-self-contained">Key feature: self-contained</a></h2> -<p>The exported directory is designed to be readable <strong>without Tesseras software</strong>. It includes:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>MANIFEST</strong> — a plain-text file listing every file with its BLAKE3 checksum, readable by any text editor</li> -<li><strong>README.decode</strong> — human-readable instructions for understanding the contents</li> -<li><strong>decode/</strong> — detailed explanations of every file format used (JPEG, WAV, JSON, UTF-8)</li> -</ul> -<p>This means someone thousands of years from now, with no knowledge of Tesseras, can still understand and access the memories.</p> -<h2 id="use-cases-1"><a class="header" href="#use-cases-1">Use cases</a></h2> -<ul> -<li><strong>Backup</strong> — export to an external drive, USB stick, or cloud storage</li> -<li><strong>Sharing</strong> — give someone a complete copy of a tessera</li> -<li><strong>Archival</strong> — store on write-once media (DVD, Blu-ray, tape)</li> -<li><strong>Migration</strong> — move tesseras between machines without needing the database</li> -</ul> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="tes-list"><a class="header" href="#tes-list">tes list</a></h1> -<p>List all local tesseras.</p> -<h2 id="usage-4"><a class="header" href="#usage-4">Usage</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes list -</code></pre> -<h2 id="options-4"><a class="header" href="#options-4">Options</a></h2> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Option</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>--data-dir <PATH></code></td><td>Base directory for data storage (default: <code>~/.tesseras</code>)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="output"><a class="header" href="#output">Output</a></h2> -<p>Displays a table with the following columns:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Column</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><strong>Hash</strong></td><td>First 16 characters of the content hash</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Created</strong></td><td>Creation date (YYYY-MM-DD)</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Memories</strong></td><td>Number of memories in the tessera</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Size</strong></td><td>Total size (B, KB, MB, or GB)</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Visibility</strong></td><td>Visibility level (public, private, or circle)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="example-1"><a class="header" href="#example-1">Example</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes list -</code></pre> -<pre><code>Hash Created Memories Size Visibility -9f2c4a1b3e7d8f0c 2026-02-14 3 284 KB public -a3b7c2d9e4f01823 2026-02-10 1 12 KB private -f8e7d6c5b4a39201 2026-01-28 12 4 MB public -</code></pre> -<h2 id="empty-database"><a class="header" href="#empty-database">Empty database</a></h2> -<p>If no tesseras have been created yet:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes list -</code></pre> -<pre><code>No tesseras found. -</code></pre> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="running-a-node"><a class="header" href="#running-a-node">Running a Node</a></h1> -<p>The <code>tesseras-daemon</code> binary runs a full Tesseras node that participates in the peer-to-peer network. It listens for connections over QUIC, joins the distributed hash table (DHT), and enables other nodes to discover and find tessera pointers.</p> -<h2 id="starting-the-daemon"><a class="header" href="#starting-the-daemon">Starting the daemon</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tesseras-daemon -</code></pre> -<p>On first run, the daemon:</p> -<ol> -<li>Creates the data directory (<code>~/.local/share/tesseras</code> on Linux, <code>~/Library/Application Support/tesseras</code> on macOS)</li> -<li>Generates a node identity with proof-of-work (takes about 1 second)</li> -<li>Binds a QUIC listener on <code>0.0.0.0:4433</code></li> -<li>Bootstraps into the network by contacting seed nodes</li> -<li>Prints <code>daemon ready</code> when fully operational</li> -</ol> -<h2 id="command-line-options"><a class="header" href="#command-line-options">Command-line options</a></h2> -<pre><code>tesseras-daemon [OPTIONS] -</code></pre> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Option</th><th>Description</th><th>Default</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>-c, --config <PATH></code></td><td>Path to a TOML config file</td><td>None (uses built-in defaults)</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>-l, --listen <ADDR></code></td><td>Address and port to listen on</td><td><code>0.0.0.0:4433</code></td></tr> -<tr><td><code>-b, --bootstrap <ADDRS></code></td><td>Comma-separated bootstrap addresses</td><td><code>boot1.tesseras.net:4433,boot2.tesseras.net:4433</code></td></tr> -<tr><td><code>-d, --data-dir <PATH></code></td><td>Data directory</td><td>Platform-specific (see above)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>CLI options override values from the config file.</p> -<h2 id="examples-2"><a class="header" href="#examples-2">Examples</a></h2> -<p>Run with defaults (join the public network):</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tesseras-daemon -</code></pre> -<p>Run as a seed node (no bootstrap, other nodes connect to you):</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tesseras-daemon --bootstrap "" -</code></pre> -<p>Run on a custom port with a specific data directory:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tesseras-daemon --listen 0.0.0.0:5000 --data-dir /var/lib/tesseras -</code></pre> -<p>Bootstrap from a specific node:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tesseras-daemon --bootstrap "192.168.1.50:4433" -</code></pre> -<p>Join a local network of multiple nodes:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tesseras-daemon --bootstrap "192.168.1.10:4433,192.168.1.11:4433" -</code></pre> -<h2 id="node-identity"><a class="header" href="#node-identity">Node identity</a></h2> -<p>Each node has a unique identity stored in <code><data-dir>/identity.key</code>. This file contains a 32-byte public key and an 8-byte proof-of-work nonce.</p> -<p>The node ID is derived from the public key: <code>BLAKE3(pubkey || nonce)</code> truncated to 20 bytes. The nonce must produce a hash with 8 leading zero bits, which takes about 256 hash attempts. This lightweight proof-of-work makes creating thousands of fake identities expensive while costing legitimate users less than a second.</p> -<p>The identity is generated automatically on first run and reused on subsequent runs. If you delete <code>identity.key</code>, a new identity will be generated.</p> -<h2 id="logging"><a class="header" href="#logging">Logging</a></h2> -<p>The daemon uses structured logging via <code>tracing</code>. Control the log level with the <code>RUST_LOG</code> environment variable:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash"># Default (info level) -tesseras-daemon - -# Debug logging -RUST_LOG=debug tesseras-daemon - -# Only show warnings and errors -RUST_LOG=warn tesseras-daemon - -# Debug for DHT, info for everything else -RUST_LOG=info,tesseras_dht=debug tesseras-daemon -</code></pre> -<h2 id="shutting-down"><a class="header" href="#shutting-down">Shutting down</a></h2> -<p>Press <strong>Ctrl+C</strong> to initiate graceful shutdown. The daemon will:</p> -<ol> -<li>Stop accepting new connections</li> -<li>Finish in-flight operations (up to 5 seconds)</li> -<li>Close all QUIC connections</li> -<li>Exit cleanly</li> -</ol> -<h2 id="firewall"><a class="header" href="#firewall">Firewall</a></h2> -<p>The daemon communicates over UDP port 4433 (QUIC). If you’re behind a firewall, ensure this port is open for both inbound and outbound UDP traffic.</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash"># Example: Linux with ufw -sudo ufw allow 4433/udp -</code></pre> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="configuration"><a class="header" href="#configuration">Configuration</a></h1> -<p>The daemon can be configured via a TOML file. Pass the path with <code>--config</code>:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tesseras-daemon --config /etc/tesseras/config.toml -</code></pre> -<p>If no config file is given, the daemon uses sensible defaults. CLI options (<code>--listen</code>, <code>--bootstrap</code>, <code>--data-dir</code>) override the corresponding config values.</p> -<h2 id="full-example"><a class="header" href="#full-example">Full example</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-toml">[node] -data_dir = "~/.local/share/tesseras" -listen_addr = "0.0.0.0:4433" - -[dht] -k = 20 -alpha = 3 -bucket_refresh_interval_secs = 3600 -republish_interval_secs = 3600 -pointer_ttl_secs = 86400 -max_stored_pointers = 100000 -ping_failure_threshold = 3 - -[bootstrap] -dns_domain = "_tesseras._udp.tesseras.net" -hardcoded = [ - "boot1.tesseras.net:4433", - "boot2.tesseras.net:4433", -] - -[network] -enable_mdns = true - -[observability] -metrics_addr = "127.0.0.1:9190" -log_format = "json" -</code></pre> -<h2 id="sections"><a class="header" href="#sections">Sections</a></h2> -<h3 id="node"><a class="header" href="#node"><code>[node]</code></a></h3> -<p>Basic node settings.</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Key</th><th>Type</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>data_dir</code></td><td>path</td><td>Platform-specific</td><td>Where to store identity, database, and blobs</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>listen_addr</code></td><td>address</td><td><code>0.0.0.0:4433</code></td><td>QUIC listener address</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>The default <code>data_dir</code> is <code>~/.local/share/tesseras</code> on Linux and <code>~/Library/Application Support/tesseras</code> on macOS.</p> -<h3 id="dht"><a class="header" href="#dht"><code>[dht]</code></a></h3> -<p>Kademlia DHT tuning parameters. The defaults work well for most deployments.</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Key</th><th>Type</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>k</code></td><td>integer</td><td><code>20</code></td><td>Maximum entries per routing table bucket</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>alpha</code></td><td>integer</td><td><code>3</code></td><td>Parallelism for iterative lookups</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>bucket_refresh_interval_secs</code></td><td>integer</td><td><code>3600</code></td><td>How often to refresh routing table buckets (seconds)</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>republish_interval_secs</code></td><td>integer</td><td><code>3600</code></td><td>How often to republish stored pointers (seconds)</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>pointer_ttl_secs</code></td><td>integer</td><td><code>86400</code></td><td>How long to keep a pointer before it expires (seconds)</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>max_stored_pointers</code></td><td>integer</td><td><code>100000</code></td><td>Maximum number of pointers to store locally</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>ping_failure_threshold</code></td><td>integer</td><td><code>3</code></td><td>How many consecutive ping failures before removing a peer</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h3 id="bootstrap"><a class="header" href="#bootstrap"><code>[bootstrap]</code></a></h3> -<p>How the node discovers its first peers when joining the network.</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Key</th><th>Type</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>dns_domain</code></td><td>string</td><td><code>_tesseras._udp.tesseras.net</code></td><td>DNS domain for TXT-record-based peer discovery</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>hardcoded</code></td><td>list of strings</td><td><code>["boot1.tesseras.net:4433", "boot2.tesseras.net:4433"]</code></td><td>Fallback bootstrap addresses</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h3 id="network"><a class="header" href="#network"><code>[network]</code></a></h3> -<p>Network-level features.</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Key</th><th>Type</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>enable_mdns</code></td><td>boolean</td><td><code>true</code></td><td>Enable local network discovery via mDNS</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h3 id="observability"><a class="header" href="#observability"><code>[observability]</code></a></h3> -<p>Monitoring and logging.</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Key</th><th>Type</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><code>metrics_addr</code></td><td>address</td><td><code>127.0.0.1:9190</code></td><td>Address for the Prometheus metrics endpoint</td></tr> -<tr><td><code>log_format</code></td><td>string</td><td><code>json</code></td><td>Log output format (<code>json</code> or <code>text</code>)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<h2 id="ipv6-support"><a class="header" href="#ipv6-support">IPv6 Support</a></h2> -<p>Tesseras supports IPv6 natively. The <code>listen_addr</code> and <code>listen_addrs</code> fields accept both IPv4 and IPv6 addresses.</p> -<h3 id="listening-on-ipv6"><a class="header" href="#listening-on-ipv6">Listening on IPv6</a></h3> -<p>To listen on all IPv6 interfaces:</p> -<pre><code class="language-toml">[node] -listen_addr = "[::]:4433" -</code></pre> -<p>On Linux and most BSDs, binding to <code>[::]</code> also accepts IPv4 connections (dual-stack) by default. On some systems (notably OpenBSD), <code>[::]</code> is IPv6-only due to <code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> being enabled by default. To guarantee both IPv4 and IPv6 on all platforms, use <code>listen_addrs</code> with explicit addresses:</p> -<pre><code class="language-toml">[node] -listen_addrs = ["0.0.0.0:4433", "[::]:4433"] -</code></pre> -<p>For IPv6 loopback only (testing):</p> -<pre><code class="language-toml">[node] -listen_addr = "[::1]:4433" -</code></pre> -<h3 id="bootstrap-with-ipv6"><a class="header" href="#bootstrap-with-ipv6">Bootstrap with IPv6</a></h3> -<p>Bootstrap addresses can be IPv6:</p> -<pre><code class="language-toml">[bootstrap] -hardcoded = [ - "boot1.tesseras.net:4433", - "[2001:db8::1]:4433", -] -</code></pre> -<p>DNS hostnames with both A and AAAA records are resolved to all addresses, so the daemon will connect over whichever protocol is reachable.</p> -<h3 id="ipv6_v6only-behavior-by-os"><a class="header" href="#ipv6_v6only-behavior-by-os"><code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> behavior by OS</a></h3> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>OS</th><th><code>[::]</code> accepts IPv4?</th><th>Notes</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td>Linux</td><td>Yes (dual-stack)</td><td><code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> defaults to 0</td></tr> -<tr><td>macOS</td><td>Yes (dual-stack)</td><td><code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> defaults to 0</td></tr> -<tr><td>FreeBSD</td><td>Yes (dual-stack)</td><td><code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> defaults to 0</td></tr> -<tr><td>OpenBSD</td><td>No (IPv6-only)</td><td><code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> always 1</td></tr> -<tr><td>Windows</td><td>Yes (dual-stack)</td><td><code>IPV6_V6ONLY</code> defaults to 0</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>If you need explicit control, use <code>listen_addrs</code> with both an IPv4 and IPv6 address.</p> -<h2 id="minimal-config"><a class="header" href="#minimal-config">Minimal config</a></h2> -<p>Most users don’t need a config file at all. If you do, a minimal config overriding only what you need is enough:</p> -<pre><code class="language-toml">[node] -listen_addr = "0.0.0.0:5000" - -[bootstrap] -hardcoded = ["192.168.1.10:4433"] -</code></pre> -<p>All other values use their defaults.</p> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="network-concepts"><a class="header" href="#network-concepts">Network Concepts</a></h1> -<p>This chapter explains how Tesseras nodes find each other and locate tessera pointers on the network. You don’t need to understand these details to use Tesseras, but they help explain what the daemon is doing in the background.</p> -<h2 id="how-nodes-find-each-other"><a class="header" href="#how-nodes-find-each-other">How nodes find each other</a></h2> -<p>Tesseras uses a <strong>Kademlia distributed hash table (DHT)</strong> — a proven algorithm used by BitTorrent and other P2P systems for over 20 years. There is no central server. Each node maintains a routing table of peers it knows about, and nodes cooperate to route queries to the right place.</p> -<p>When your node starts, it contacts one or more <strong>bootstrap nodes</strong> (seed nodes with known addresses). Through these initial connections, your node discovers other peers and builds up its routing table. Over time, your node naturally learns about more peers as it participates in the network.</p> -<h2 id="what-the-dht-stores"><a class="header" href="#what-the-dht-stores">What the DHT stores</a></h2> -<p>The DHT stores <strong>pointers</strong>, not data. A pointer is a lightweight record that says “tessera X is held by nodes Y and Z.” When someone wants to retrieve a tessera, they first look up its pointer in the DHT to find out which nodes have it, then connect directly to those nodes to download the actual data.</p> -<p>This means the DHT stays small and fast — it only tracks who has what, not the content itself.</p> -<h2 id="node-identity-and-proof-of-work"><a class="header" href="#node-identity-and-proof-of-work">Node identity and proof-of-work</a></h2> -<p>Every node has a 160-bit <strong>node ID</strong> derived from its public key. To prevent an attacker from cheaply creating thousands of fake nodes (a <strong>Sybil attack</strong>), generating a node ID requires a small proof-of-work: the node must find a nonce such that <code>BLAKE3(public_key || nonce)</code> starts with 8 zero bits.</p> -<p>This takes about 256 hash attempts — under a second on any device, including a Raspberry Pi. But an attacker trying to create 10,000 fake identities would need millions of attempts, making the attack impractical.</p> -<h2 id="xor-distance"><a class="header" href="#xor-distance">XOR distance</a></h2> -<p>Kademlia defines “closeness” between nodes using the <strong>XOR metric</strong>: the distance between two node IDs is their bitwise XOR. Nodes are responsible for storing pointers whose keys are close to their own ID (in XOR distance). This distributes data evenly across the network without any coordination.</p> -<p>When looking up a tessera pointer, your node asks the peers it knows that are closest to the target key. Those peers point to even closer ones, and so on, until the pointer is found. This <strong>iterative lookup</strong> typically reaches any node in the network within a few hops.</p> -<h2 id="transport-quic"><a class="header" href="#transport-quic">Transport: QUIC</a></h2> -<p>All communication between nodes uses <strong>QUIC</strong>, a modern transport protocol built on UDP. QUIC provides:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>Built-in encryption</strong> — every connection uses TLS 1.3</li> -<li><strong>NAT-friendly</strong> — works through most network address translators since it’s UDP-based</li> -<li><strong>Multiplexing</strong> — multiple independent operations over one connection without head-of-line blocking</li> -<li><strong>Connection migration</strong> — survives network changes (e.g., switching from Wi-Fi to mobile data)</li> -</ul> -<p>The daemon listens on UDP port <strong>4433</strong> by default.</p> -<h2 id="bootstrap-process"><a class="header" href="#bootstrap-process">Bootstrap process</a></h2> -<p>When a node starts, it follows this sequence:</p> -<ol> -<li><strong>Contact seed nodes</strong> — connect to one or more known bootstrap addresses</li> -<li><strong>Exchange pings</strong> — verify the seed is alive and exchange node identities</li> -<li><strong>Self-lookup</strong> — ask the seed for nodes close to your own ID, to populate your routing table</li> -<li><strong>Iterative discovery</strong> — contact the newly discovered nodes, which point you to even more peers</li> -</ol> -<p>After bootstrap, the node maintains its routing table automatically: it refreshes buckets periodically and replaces unresponsive peers with new ones.</p> -<h2 id="node-types"><a class="header" href="#node-types">Node types</a></h2> -<p>Not every device participates in the network the same way:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Type</th><th>Description</th><th>Always on?</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><strong>Full node</strong></td><td>Desktop, server, or Raspberry Pi running <code>tesseras-daemon</code>. Participates fully in the DHT and stores data for other nodes.</td><td>Yes</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Mobile node</strong></td><td>Phone or tablet running the Tesseras app. Participates in the DHT when the app is active.</td><td>No</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Browser node</strong></td><td>Web browser running the WASM client. Connects via a relay node. Read-only.</td><td>No</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>IoT node</strong></td><td>ESP32 or similar device on the local network. Stores fragments passively, does not participate in the DHT.</td><td>Yes</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>The full node daemon is the backbone of the network. The more full nodes running, the more resilient the network becomes.</p> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="replication-and-repair"><a class="header" href="#replication-and-repair">Replication and Repair</a></h1> -<p>This chapter explains how Tesseras keeps your memories safe even when individual nodes go offline or suffer hardware failures. You don’t need to understand these details to use Tesseras — the daemon handles everything automatically.</p> -<h2 id="why-replication-matters"><a class="header" href="#why-replication-matters">Why replication matters</a></h2> -<p>A tessera stored on a single machine dies when that machine dies. Tesseras solves this by splitting data into fragments, spreading them across multiple peers, and continuously verifying that enough copies exist. If some fragments disappear, the network repairs itself automatically.</p> -<h2 id="erasure-coding"><a class="header" href="#erasure-coding">Erasure coding</a></h2> -<p>Tesseras uses <strong>Reed-Solomon erasure coding</strong> to create redundant fragments. The idea is simple: from N data fragments, generate M extra parity fragments. Any N of the N+M total fragments can reconstruct the original data.</p> -<p>This is far more storage-efficient than simple replication. Storing 3 complete copies of a 100 MB file costs 300 MB. With 16 data + 8 parity fragments, you get stronger protection (can lose up to 8 of 24 fragments — 33%) for only 150 MB total.</p> -<h2 id="fragmentation-tiers"><a class="header" href="#fragmentation-tiers">Fragmentation tiers</a></h2> -<p>Not every tessera is treated the same way. Small files don’t benefit from erasure coding overhead, so Tesseras uses three tiers:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Tier</th><th>Size</th><th>Strategy</th><th>Fragments</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><strong>Small</strong></td><td>< 4 MB</td><td>Whole-file replication</td><td>7 copies of the complete file</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Medium</strong></td><td>4–256 MB</td><td>Reed-Solomon 16+8</td><td>16 data + 8 parity = 24 fragments</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Large</strong></td><td>≥ 256 MB</td><td>Reed-Solomon 48+24</td><td>48 data + 24 parity = 72 fragments</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>All tiers target a <strong>replication factor of 7</strong> — meaning fragments are distributed to 7 different peers.</p> -<h2 id="how-distribution-works"><a class="header" href="#how-distribution-works">How distribution works</a></h2> -<p>When you create a tessera and the daemon replicates it, this is what happens:</p> -<ol> -<li><strong>Encode</strong> — the tessera data is split into fragments according to its size tier</li> -<li><strong>Find peers</strong> — the daemon queries the DHT for the closest nodes to the tessera’s hash</li> -<li><strong>Subnet diversity</strong> — peers are filtered so that no more than a few come from the same network subnet (to avoid correlated failures if a datacenter goes down)</li> -<li><strong>Distribute</strong> — fragments are pushed to the selected peers in round-robin order</li> -<li><strong>Acknowledge</strong> — each peer validates the fragment’s checksum and confirms receipt</li> -</ol> -<p>The tessera owner pushes fragments to peers. Peers don’t pull — this keeps the protocol simple and ensures immediate distribution.</p> -<h2 id="fragment-verification"><a class="header" href="#fragment-verification">Fragment verification</a></h2> -<p>Every fragment carries a BLAKE3 checksum. When a node receives a fragment, it recomputes the hash and compares it to the expected checksum. If they don’t match, the fragment is rejected. This catches both transmission errors and deliberate tampering.</p> -<p>Fragments are stored in a <strong>content-addressable store (CAS)</strong> where each unique piece of data exists exactly once on disk, keyed by its BLAKE3 hash. A SQLite reference table maps logical fragment identifiers to CAS hashes, enabling automatic deduplication — if two tesseras share identical fragment data, only one copy is stored. Reference counting ensures data is cleaned up only when no tessera references it.</p> -<h2 id="repair-loop"><a class="header" href="#repair-loop">Repair loop</a></h2> -<p>The daemon runs a background repair loop every 24 hours (with random jitter to avoid network-wide storms). For each tessera it’s responsible for, the repair loop:</p> -<ol> -<li><strong>Requests attestations</strong> from known holders — each holder proves it still has the fragments by reporting their checksums</li> -<li><strong>Falls back to ping</strong> if attestation fails — to distinguish between “node is down” and “node lost the data”</li> -<li><strong>Checks local fragments</strong> — verifies integrity of any fragments stored locally by recomputing BLAKE3 checksums</li> -<li><strong>Decides action</strong>: -<ul> -<li><strong>Healthy</strong> — all holders responded, all checksums valid, nothing to do</li> -<li><strong>Needs replication</strong> — some holders are gone, find new peers and redistribute missing fragments</li> -<li><strong>Corrupt local</strong> — a local fragment has bad data, fetch a replacement from the network</li> -</ul> -</li> -</ol> -<h2 id="reciprocity"><a class="header" href="#reciprocity">Reciprocity</a></h2> -<p>Tesseras uses a <strong>bilateral reciprocity ledger</strong> to ensure fair storage exchange. There is no cryptocurrency, no blockchain, no global consensus — each node simply tracks its balance with each peer locally:</p> -<pre><code>peer_a: +500 MB (they store 500 MB of mine) -peer_b: -200 MB (I store 200 MB more of theirs than they store of mine) -peer_c: 0 MB (balanced) -</code></pre> -<p>The rules are simple:</p> -<ul> -<li>Store 1 GB on the network → you should store roughly 1 GB for others</li> -<li>Nodes with a positive balance (they store more for you) get priority when you need to distribute new fragments</li> -<li>Free riders gradually lose redundancy — their fragments are deprioritized for repair, but never deleted</li> -<li>When receiving a fragment, a node checks the sender’s deficit. If the sender owes too much storage, the fragment is rejected</li> -<li>Institutional nodes (universities, archives) can operate altruistically with imbalanced ratios</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="maximum-tessera-size"><a class="header" href="#maximum-tessera-size">Maximum tessera size</a></h2> -<p>The maximum tessera size is <strong>1 GB</strong>. This is a practical limit that keeps fragment sizes manageable and replication fast. For larger collections of memories, create multiple tesseras.</p> -<h2 id="configuration-1"><a class="header" href="#configuration-1">Configuration</a></h2> -<p>The daemon’s replication behavior can be tuned through configuration:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Parameter</th><th>Default</th><th>Description</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td>Repair interval</td><td>24 hours</td><td>How often the repair loop runs</td></tr> -<tr><td>Repair jitter</td><td>2 hours</td><td>Random delay added to avoid network-wide storms</td></tr> -<tr><td>Concurrent transfers</td><td>4</td><td>Maximum parallel fragment transfers</td></tr> -<tr><td>Minimum free space</td><td>1 GB</td><td>Stop accepting fragments below this threshold</td></tr> -<tr><td>Deficit allowance</td><td>256 MB</td><td>Maximum storage deficit before rejecting a peer’s fragments</td></tr> -<tr><td>Per-peer limit</td><td>1 GB</td><td>Maximum total storage for any single peer</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="encryption-and-sealed-tesseras"><a class="header" href="#encryption-and-sealed-tesseras">Encryption and Sealed Tesseras</a></h1> -<p>Most tesseras are public — designed to be accessible to anyone, forever. But some memories need privacy. Tesseras supports two encrypted visibility modes:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>Private</strong> — only the creator (and their heirs) can ever access the content</li> -<li><strong>Sealed</strong> — the content is time-locked and becomes accessible after a specific date</li> -</ul> -<p>Public tesseras are never encrypted. Availability is more important than secrecy for preservation.</p> -<h2 id="how-encryption-works"><a class="header" href="#how-encryption-works">How encryption works</a></h2> -<p>When you create a private or sealed tessera, the following happens:</p> -<ol> -<li>A random <strong>content key</strong> (256-bit) is generated</li> -<li>Each memory file is encrypted with <strong>AES-256-GCM</strong> using that content key</li> -<li>The content key is wrapped in a <strong>sealed key envelope</strong> using your encryption public key</li> -<li>The wrapped key is stored alongside the encrypted content</li> -</ol> -<p>Only the holder of the corresponding private key can unwrap the content key and decrypt the content.</p> -<h2 id="hybrid-post-quantum-key-encapsulation"><a class="header" href="#hybrid-post-quantum-key-encapsulation">Hybrid post-quantum key encapsulation</a></h2> -<p>The sealed key envelope uses a <strong>hybrid Key Encapsulation Mechanism (KEM)</strong> combining two algorithms:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>X25519</strong> — a well-tested classical elliptic curve key exchange</li> -<li><strong>ML-KEM-768</strong> — a NIST-standardized post-quantum lattice-based KEM (formerly Kyber)</li> -</ul> -<p>Both algorithms produce shared secrets that are combined using BLAKE3 key derivation. An attacker must break <strong>both</strong> algorithms to recover the content key. This follows the same principle as Tesseras’ dual signatures (Ed25519 + ML-DSA): we don’t know which cryptographic assumptions will hold over centuries, so we hedge our bets.</p> -<h2 id="authenticated-associated-data-aad"><a class="header" href="#authenticated-associated-data-aad">Authenticated associated data (AAD)</a></h2> -<p>AES-256-GCM supports authenticated associated data — extra information that is verified during decryption but not encrypted. Tesseras binds the following into the AAD:</p> -<ul> -<li>The <strong>content hash</strong> of the tessera (always)</li> -<li>The <strong>open_after timestamp</strong> (for sealed tesseras only)</li> -</ul> -<p>This prevents <strong>ciphertext swapping attacks</strong>: an attacker cannot copy encrypted content from one tessera to another, because the AAD will not match and decryption will fail. For sealed tesseras, this also means you cannot change the seal date — the timestamp is cryptographically bound to the ciphertext.</p> -<h2 id="sealed-tesseras-time-capsules"><a class="header" href="#sealed-tesseras-time-capsules">Sealed tesseras: time capsules</a></h2> -<p>A sealed tessera is a true time capsule. When you create one, you specify an <code>open_after</code> date. The content is encrypted and the key is sealed in an envelope that only you can open.</p> -<p>When the <code>open_after</code> date passes, the owner publishes the content key as a signed <strong>Key Publication</strong> — a standalone artifact containing the key, the tessera hash, and the owner’s signature. Other nodes can verify the signature and use the published key to decrypt the content.</p> -<p>The tessera’s manifest is never modified. The Key Publication is a separate document, preserving the immutable, content-addressed nature of tesseras.</p> -<h2 id="what-about-the-keys"><a class="header" href="#what-about-the-keys">What about the keys?</a></h2> -<p>Each identity now includes an <strong>encryption keypair</strong> alongside the signing keypair:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>Key type</th><th>Algorithm</th><th>Purpose</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td>Ed25519</td><td>Classical</td><td>Signing manifests and key publications</td></tr> -<tr><td>ML-DSA</td><td>Post-quantum</td><td>Signing (when enabled)</td></tr> -<tr><td>X25519</td><td>Classical</td><td>Key encapsulation (encryption)</td></tr> -<tr><td>ML-KEM-768</td><td>Post-quantum</td><td>Key encapsulation (encryption)</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>The encryption keypair is generated when the identity is created. The public half is stored in the tessera’s identity directory; the private half stays on the owner’s device.</p> -<h2 id="design-principles"><a class="header" href="#design-principles">Design principles</a></h2> -<ul> -<li><strong>Encrypt as little as possible</strong> — only private and sealed content is encrypted. Public memories stay open for long-term accessibility.</li> -<li><strong>Dual algorithms from day one</strong> — both classical and post-quantum cryptography, so content is protected even if one algorithm is broken.</li> -<li><strong>Immutable manifests</strong> — keys are published separately, never by modifying existing data.</li> -<li><strong>Fail closed</strong> — the system rejects attempts to create private or sealed tesseras without encryption keys.</li> -</ul> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="heir-key-recovery"><a class="header" href="#heir-key-recovery">Heir Key Recovery</a></h1> -<p>Your tesseras can survive infrastructure failures, quantum computers, and centuries of time. But what happens when you can no longer access your own keys? Tesseras uses <strong>Shamir’s Secret Sharing</strong> to let you distribute your cryptographic identity to trusted heirs.</p> -<h2 id="how-it-works"><a class="header" href="#how-it-works">How it works</a></h2> -<p>Shamir’s Secret Sharing splits a secret into N shares with a threshold T. Any T shares can reconstruct the original secret. Fewer than T shares reveal <strong>nothing</strong> — this is information-theoretically secure, not just computationally hard to break.</p> -<p>For example, with threshold 2 and 3 total shares:</p> -<ul> -<li>Give share 1 to your spouse</li> -<li>Give share 2 to your sibling</li> -<li>Give share 3 to your lawyer</li> -</ul> -<p>Any two of them can recover your identity. A single share alone is useless.</p> -<h2 id="creating-heir-shares"><a class="header" href="#creating-heir-shares">Creating heir shares</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes heir create --threshold 2 --shares 3 -</code></pre> -<p>This splits your Ed25519 identity key into 3 shares (requiring 2 to reconstruct) and saves them to <code>./heir-shares/</code>:</p> -<pre><code>heir-shares/ -├── heir_share_1.bin # MessagePack binary -├── heir_share_1.txt # Human-readable base64 text -├── heir_share_2.bin -├── heir_share_2.txt -├── heir_share_3.bin -└── heir_share_3.txt -</code></pre> -<p>Each share is generated in two formats:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>Binary</strong> (<code>.bin</code>) — compact MessagePack, suitable for USB drives or digital storage</li> -<li><strong>Text</strong> (<code>.txt</code>) — base64 with human-readable header, suitable for printing on paper</li> -</ul> -<p>The text format looks like this:</p> -<pre><code>--- TESSERAS HEIR SHARE --- -Format: v1 -Owner: a1b2c3d4e5f6a7b8 (fingerprint) -Share: 1 of 3 (threshold: 2) -Session: 9f8e7d6c5b4a3210 -Created: 2026-02-15 - -<base64-encoded data> ---- END HEIR SHARE --- -</code></pre> -<h2 id="reconstructing-from-shares"><a class="header" href="#reconstructing-from-shares">Reconstructing from shares</a></h2> -<p>When heirs need to recover the identity:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes heir reconstruct heir_share_1.txt heir_share_2.bin --output-dir ./recovered-keys -</code></pre> -<p>The command auto-detects whether each file is binary or text format. It validates that all shares belong to the same session and owner, verifies checksums, and reconstructs the Ed25519 keypair.</p> -<p>To install the recovered keys as the active identity:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes heir reconstruct share1.txt share2.txt --output-dir ./recovered --install -</code></pre> -<p>This backs up the current identity before replacing it.</p> -<h2 id="inspecting-a-share"><a class="header" href="#inspecting-a-share">Inspecting a share</a></h2> -<p>To view metadata about a share without exposing secret data:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">tes heir info heir_share_1.txt -</code></pre> -<p>Output:</p> -<pre><code>Heir Share Information: - Format version: 1 - Share: 1 of 3 (threshold: 2) - Session: 9f8e7d6c5b4a3210 - Owner fingerprint: a1b2c3d4e5f6a7b8 - Share data size: 34 bytes - Checksum: valid -</code></pre> -<h2 id="security-considerations"><a class="header" href="#security-considerations">Security considerations</a></h2> -<ul> -<li><strong>Threshold choice</strong>: a threshold of 2-of-3 or 3-of-5 is recommended for most people. Higher thresholds are more secure but require more heirs to cooperate.</li> -<li><strong>Physical storage</strong>: print the <code>.txt</code> files on acid-free paper and store in separate physical locations (safe deposit boxes, different homes). Paper survives decades without degradation.</li> -<li><strong>Never store shares together</strong>: the entire point of splitting is distribution. Keeping all shares in one place defeats the purpose.</li> -<li><strong>Session isolation</strong>: each <code>heir create</code> call generates a fresh session ID. Shares from different sessions cannot be mixed — this prevents confusion after key rotations.</li> -<li><strong>Checksum verification</strong>: each share includes a BLAKE3 checksum. Corrupted shares (OCR errors, bit rot) are detected before reconstruction is attempted.</li> -<li><strong>Re-split after key changes</strong>: if you regenerate your identity, create new heir shares and securely destroy the old ones.</li> -</ul> -<h2 id="design-principles-1"><a class="header" href="#design-principles-1">Design principles</a></h2> -<ul> -<li><strong>Information-theoretic security</strong> — T-1 shares reveal exactly zero information about the secret. This is not a computational assumption; it is mathematically proven.</li> -<li><strong>Corruption detection</strong> — BLAKE3 checksums catch bit rot, OCR errors, and truncation before any reconstruction attempt.</li> -<li><strong>Format resilience</strong> — dual output (binary + text) ensures shares survive different storage media failure modes.</li> -<li><strong>Backward compatibility</strong> — the secret blob is versioned, so future versions can include additional key material without breaking existing shares.</li> -</ul> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="nat-traversal"><a class="header" href="#nat-traversal">NAT Traversal</a></h1> -<p>Most devices on the internet sit behind a <strong>NAT</strong> (Network Address Translator). Your router assigns your device a private address (like <code>192.168.1.100</code>) and translates it to a public address when you connect outward. This works fine for browsing the web, but it creates a problem for P2P networks: two devices behind different NATs cannot directly connect to each other without help.</p> -<p>Tesseras solves this with a three-tier approach, trying the cheapest option first:</p> -<ol> -<li><strong>Direct connection</strong> — if both nodes have public IPs, they connect directly</li> -<li><strong>UDP hole punching</strong> — a third node introduces the two peers so they can punch through their NATs</li> -<li><strong>Relay</strong> — a public-IP node forwards packets between the two peers</li> -</ol> -<h2 id="nat-type-discovery"><a class="header" href="#nat-type-discovery">NAT type discovery</a></h2> -<p>When a node starts, it sends STUN (Session Traversal Utilities for NAT) requests to multiple public servers. By comparing the external addresses these servers report back, the node classifies its NAT:</p> -<div class="table-wrapper"> -<table> -<thead> -<tr><th>NAT Type</th><th>What it means</th><th>Hole punching?</th></tr> -</thead> -<tbody> -<tr><td><strong>Public</strong></td><td>No NAT — your device has a public IP</td><td>Not needed</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Cone</strong></td><td>NAT maps the same internal port to the same external port regardless of destination</td><td>Works well (~80%)</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Symmetric</strong></td><td>NAT assigns a different external port for each destination</td><td>Unreliable</td></tr> -<tr><td><strong>Unknown</strong></td><td>Could not reach STUN servers</td><td>Relay needed</td></tr> -</tbody> -</table> -</div> -<p>Your node advertises its NAT type in DHT Pong messages, so other nodes know whether hole punching is worth attempting.</p> -<h2 id="hole-punching"><a class="header" href="#hole-punching">Hole punching</a></h2> -<p>When node A (behind a Cone NAT) wants to connect to node B (also behind a Cone NAT), neither can directly reach the other. The solution:</p> -<ol> -<li> -<p>A sends a <strong>PunchIntro</strong> message to node I (an introducer — any public-IP node they both know). The message includes A’s external address (from STUN) and an Ed25519 signature proving A’s identity.</p> -</li> -<li> -<p>I verifies the signature and forwards a <strong>PunchRequest</strong> to B, including A’s address and the original signature.</p> -</li> -<li> -<p>B verifies the signature (proving the request really came from A, not a spoofed source). B then sends a UDP packet to A’s external address — this opens a pinhole in B’s NAT. B also sends a <strong>PunchReady</strong> message back to A with B’s external address.</p> -</li> -<li> -<p>A sends a UDP packet to B’s external address. Both NATs now have pinholes, and the two nodes can communicate directly.</p> -</li> -</ol> -<p>The entire process takes 2-5 seconds. The Ed25519 signatures prevent <strong>reflection attacks</strong>, where an attacker replays an old introduction to redirect traffic.</p> -<h2 id="relay-fallback"><a class="header" href="#relay-fallback">Relay fallback</a></h2> -<p>When hole punching fails (Symmetric NAT, strict firewalls, or corporate networks), nodes fall back to relaying through a public-IP node:</p> -<ol> -<li>A sends a <strong>RelayRequest</strong> to node R (a public-IP node with relay enabled).</li> -<li>R creates a session and sends a <strong>RelayOffer</strong> to both A and B, containing the relay address and a session token.</li> -<li>A and B send their packets to R, prefixed with the session token. R strips the token and forwards the payload to the other peer.</li> -</ol> -<p>Relay sessions have bandwidth limits:</p> -<ul> -<li><strong>256 KB/s</strong> for peers with good reciprocity (they store fragments for others)</li> -<li><strong>64 KB/s</strong> for peers without reciprocity</li> -<li>Non-reciprocal sessions are limited to 10 minutes</li> -</ul> -<p>This encourages nodes to contribute storage — good network citizens get better relay service.</p> -<h2 id="address-migration"><a class="header" href="#address-migration">Address migration</a></h2> -<p>When a mobile device switches networks (Wi-Fi to cellular), its IP address changes. Rather than tearing down and rebuilding relay sessions, the node sends a signed <strong>RelayMigrate</strong> message to update its address in the existing session. This avoids re-establishing connections from scratch.</p> -<h2 id="configuration-2"><a class="header" href="#configuration-2">Configuration</a></h2> -<p>The <code>[nat]</code> section in the daemon config controls NAT traversal:</p> -<pre><code class="language-toml">[nat] -# STUN servers for NAT type detection -stun_servers = ["stun.l.google.com:19302", "stun.cloudflare.com:3478"] - -# Enable relay (forward traffic for other NATed peers) -relay_enabled = false - -# Maximum simultaneous relay sessions -relay_max_sessions = 50 - -# Bandwidth limit for reciprocal peers (KB/s) -relay_reciprocal_kbps = 256 - -# Bandwidth limit for non-reciprocal peers (KB/s) -relay_bootstrap_kbps = 64 - -# Relay session idle timeout (seconds) -relay_idle_timeout_secs = 60 -</code></pre> -<p>To run a relay node, set <code>relay_enabled = true</code>. Your node must have a public IP (or a port-forwarded router) to serve as a relay.</p> -<h2 id="mobile-reconnection"><a class="header" href="#mobile-reconnection">Mobile reconnection</a></h2> -<p>When the Tesseras app detects a network change on a mobile device, it runs a three-phase reconnection sequence:</p> -<ol> -<li><strong>QUIC migration</strong> (0-2s) — QUIC supports connection migration natively. The app tries to migrate all active connections to the new address.</li> -<li><strong>Re-STUN</strong> (2-5s) — discover the new external address and re-announce to the DHT.</li> -<li><strong>Re-establish</strong> (5-10s) — reconnect peers that migration couldn’t save, in priority order: bootstrap nodes first, then nodes holding your fragments, then nodes whose fragments you hold.</li> -</ol> -<p>The app shows reconnection progress through the <code>NetworkChanged</code> event stream.</p> -<h2 id="monitoring"><a class="header" href="#monitoring">Monitoring</a></h2> -<p>NAT traversal exposes Prometheus metrics at <code>/metrics</code>:</p> -<ul> -<li><code>tesseras_nat_type</code> — current detected NAT type</li> -<li><code>tesseras_stun_requests_total</code> / <code>tesseras_stun_failures_total</code> — STUN reliability</li> -<li><code>tesseras_punch_attempts_total{initiator_nat, target_nat}</code> — punch success rate by NAT pair</li> -<li><code>tesseras_relay_sessions_active</code> — current relay load</li> -<li><code>tesseras_relay_bytes_forwarded</code> — total relay bandwidth</li> -<li><code>tesseras_network_change_total</code> — network change frequency on mobile</li> -</ul> -<div style="break-before: page; page-break-before: always;"></div> -<h1 id="docker"><a class="header" href="#docker">Docker</a></h1> -<p>Tesseras provides a Docker image for running the daemon in containers. This is useful for servers, testing multi-node networks, and CI environments.</p> -<h2 id="building-the-image"><a class="header" href="#building-the-image">Building the image</a></h2> -<p>From the repository root:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">docker build -t tesseras-daemon . -</code></pre> -<p>The multi-stage Dockerfile uses <code>rust:1.85</code> to compile and <code>debian:bookworm-slim</code> as the runtime base. The resulting image is small and contains only the daemon binary and CA certificates.</p> -<h2 id="running-a-single-node"><a class="header" href="#running-a-single-node">Running a single node</a></h2> -<pre><code class="language-bash">docker run -d \ - --name tesseras \ - -p 4433:4433/udp \ - tesseras-daemon -</code></pre> -<p>This starts a node that:</p> -<ul> -<li>Listens on UDP port 4433</li> -<li>Bootstraps from the default seed nodes</li> -<li>Stores data inside the container (ephemeral)</li> -</ul> -<p>To persist data across container restarts, mount a volume:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">docker run -d \ - --name tesseras \ - -p 4433:4433/udp \ - -v tesseras-data:/root/.local/share/tesseras \ - tesseras-daemon -</code></pre> -<h2 id="running-as-a-seed-node"><a class="header" href="#running-as-a-seed-node">Running as a seed node</a></h2> -<p>To run a seed node that doesn’t bootstrap from anyone else:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">docker run -d \ - --name tesseras-seed \ - -p 4433:4433/udp \ - tesseras-daemon --listen 0.0.0.0:4433 --bootstrap "" -</code></pre> -<h2 id="multi-node-network-with-docker-compose"><a class="header" href="#multi-node-network-with-docker-compose">Multi-node network with Docker Compose</a></h2> -<p>The repository includes a Docker Compose file for testing a 3-node network:</p> -<pre><code class="language-yaml">services: - boot1: - build: ../.. - command: ["--listen", "0.0.0.0:4433", "--bootstrap", ""] - ports: ["4433:4433/udp"] - - boot2: - build: ../.. - command: ["--listen", "0.0.0.0:4433", "--bootstrap", "boot1:4433"] - depends_on: [boot1] - - client: - build: ../.. - command: ["--listen", "0.0.0.0:4433", "--bootstrap", "boot2:4433"] - depends_on: [boot2] -</code></pre> -<p>Start the network:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">cd tests/smoke -docker compose up --build -d -</code></pre> -<p>Check that all nodes are running:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">docker compose logs --tail=5 -</code></pre> -<p>You should see <code>daemon ready</code> in the logs for each node, and <code>bootstrap successful</code> for <code>boot2</code> and <code>client</code>.</p> -<p>Stop the network:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">docker compose down -</code></pre> -<h2 id="custom-configuration"><a class="header" href="#custom-configuration">Custom configuration</a></h2> -<p>To use a config file with Docker, mount it into the container:</p> -<pre><code class="language-bash">docker run -d \ - --name tesseras \ - -p 4433:4433/udp \ - -v ./config.toml:/etc/tesseras/config.toml:ro \ - -v tesseras-data:/root/.local/share/tesseras \ - tesseras-daemon --config /etc/tesseras/config.toml -</code></pre> -<p>See the <a href="#configuration">Configuration</a> chapter for all available options.</p> - - </main> - - <nav class="nav-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation"> - <!-- Mobile navigation buttons --> - - - <div style="clear: both"></div> - </nav> - </div> - </div> - - <nav class="nav-wide-wrapper" aria-label="Page navigation"> - - </nav> - - </div> - - <template id=fa-eye><span class=fa-svg><svg xmlns="http://www.w3.org/2000/svg" viewBox="0 0 576 512"><!--! 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